The column "Adjusted month_day" is a JMP Date column. It is only displayed using a custom format. Yes, if you want to go to the Axis setting for the X axis, you would have to enter the values in in the raw date value( the number of seconds since January 1st, 1904), but interactively, you can move, compress, expand the axis normally, and if you are setting the values in JSL, you can always use the Informat() function to set the min, max values in a user friendly structure
gb = Graph Builder(
Variables( X( :Adjusted month_day ), Y( :Y ), Overlay( :Year ) ),
Elements( Points( X, Y, Legend( 15 ) ), Smoother( X, Y, Legend( 16 ) ) )
);
report(gb)[AxisBox(1)] << min( informat("05/01/2020","m/d/y")) << inc( in weeks(1));
Jim