Graph Builder has limited capabilities for fitting models. The correct analysis of this data is called a 'probit analysis.' You would use the Generalized Linear Models fitting personality through the Analyze > Fit Model dialog instead of the Graph > Graph Builder.
Here is the script that will create the JMP data table with your data and table script to launch the correct analysis.
New Table( "untitled",
Add Rows( 7 ),
New Script(
"Model",
Fit Model(
Y( :Defective Parts, :Total Parts ),
Effects( :Temperature, :Temperature * :Temperature ),
Personality( "Generalized Linear Model" ),
GLM Distribution( "Binomial" ),
Link Function( "Probit" )
)
),
New Column( "Temperature",
Numeric,
"Continuous",
Format( "Best", 12 ),
Set Values( [640, 645, 650, 655, 660, 665, 670] )
),
New Column( "Percentage Defects",
Numeric,
"Continuous",
Format( "Best", 12 ),
Set Values( [0.1, 0.15, 0.03, 0.032, 0.03, 0.02, 0.1] )
),
New Column( "Total Parts",
Numeric,
"Continuous",
Format( "Best", 12 ),
Set Values( [10, 50, 200, 1000, 2000, 100, 10] )
),
New Column( "Defective Parts",
Numeric,
"Continuous",
Format( "Best", 12 ),
Formula( :Percentage Defects * :Total Parts )
)
);
Copy this script to a File > New > Script window and then run it. The response appears to be non-linear, with a minimum in the mid-temperature range.
Note that you can save this model and then use it in Graph Builder as a formula column.