Thank you Pauldeen. So my work flow would be:
1) open orig table in JMP (original table with 164 rows)
2) create random subset of rows from orig table
2.a. randomly pull 16 rows from orig table and "link" those rows to the orig table
2.b. save newly created subset table with a unique name (e.g. "TEST 1 - SUBSET")
2.c. highlight/select all 16 rows in subset table
2.d. click on orig table and delete the highlighted 16 rows
2.e. save orig table (which now contains 164-16 rows) to a name similar to 2.b. (e.g. "TEST 1 - MAIN")
3) open TEST 1 - MAIN
4) analyze, fit model, set parameters for y and x (I use "recall" after the first run), run, save
5) in the resulting "fit least squares" window click red "response" triangle, save columns, prediction formula
6) open TEST 1 - SUBSET
7) add three new columns: 1) "test1_prediction".....2) "is_test1_prediction > 410?".....3) "difference test1_pred > 410 minus actual > 410"
copy TEST 1 - MAIN formula in "prediction formula" column to TEST 1 - SUBSET column titled "test1_prediction"
9) perform conditional test on the results from and place in column titled "is_test1_prediction > 410?"
10) add formula to "difference test1_pred > 410 minus actual > 410" to subtract results of 9) from an existing column in TEST 1 - MAIN
11) save TEST 1 - SUBSET
12) repeat steps 1) through 11)
I think I understand how to do the "analyze" steps and save each to a script, but what I do not understand is how to do the other steps via script, such as load a file, create new columns (with specified names), copy formula from one column in one file to a column in another file, and save tables (with names corresponding to the sequentially increasing test number). Any suggestions?